Red 2 (Amaranth) and Red 4 (Ponceau 4R) were once commonly used as colorants in oral health products, including toothpaste and mouthwash, due to their vibrant hues. However, both dyes have been banned or restricted in many countries due to health concerns such as potential allergic reactions, hyperactivity, and links to carcinogenic effects observed in animal studies. Red 2 was banned in the U.S. in 1976, and Red 4 has faced increasing scrutiny, with the European Union and other regions imposing restrictions. Today, most mainstream oral care products no longer contain these dyes. Brands like Colgate and Crest may have used these colorants in the past, particularly in products aimed at children. Consumers are advised to check ingredient lists for synthetic dyes like Red 40, as these are now more commonly used in modern oral care formulations.

 

Citations:

1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (1976). FDA Bans Use of Red 2 (Amaranth) in Food and Cosmetics.

2. European Commission. (2014). Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on Food Additives.

3. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (2007). Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.

 

(Note: These citations are general references to regulatory bodies and studies. For detailed, precise references, consulting specific articles, official guidelines, or research papers on the subject would be necessary.)